, French philosopher Jean D'Alembert is born. Together with Diderot he published the famous Encyclopaedia, which covers 35 books.

In 1855 in Africa the British explorer David Livingstone discovers waterfalls on the Zambezi River, which he named after the English Queen, the Victoria Falls. The falls are 1.7 kilometres wide and have a drop of 106 feet.

In 1887 Slovene writer, critic and playwright Fran Levstik dies. Among his known works are Napake slovenskega pisanja, in which he exposed his views on the development of the Slovene literary language; the essay A Journey from Litija to Čatež and the Slovene classic tale Martin Krpan.

In 1905 Mile Klopčič, Slovenian poet and translator is born. He is considered one of the foremost representatives of Slovene social realist poetry of the 1930s and 1940s.

In 1849, a Russian court sentenced to death Fyodor M. Dostoevsky for cooperating with an anti-government group of radical intellectuals. A minute before the execution the penalty was withdrawn.

In 1924 Slovenian theatre and film actress Duša Počkaj is born.

In 1945 UNESCO is established.

In 1960, American film actor Clark Gable, best known for his roles in the films Mutiny on the Bounty, Gone With the Wind and The Misfits, dies.

In 2001, cinemas began showings of the first Harry Potter film.

MUSIC HISTORY
1968 – the album 'The Jimi Hendrix Experience' takes the No. 1 spot on the American albums chart. On the album are also ‘Crosstown Traffic’ and ‘All Along the Watchtower’.
1974 - John Lennon is No. 1 on the American singles chart with 'Whatever Gets You Through The Night.'
1985 - Starship is at the top of the American singles chart with their single 'We Built This City'.
1985 - Feargal Sharkey is at the top of the British charts with the song ‘A Good Heart'.

BORN ON THIS DAY
1943 - Winfred Lovett, singer in the group The Manhattans (1976 'Kiss And Say Goodbye').
1964 - Diana Krall, Canadian jazz singer (2004 'You don't know me'.)
1969 - Bryan Abrams, singer in Color Me Bad (1991 'I Wanna Sex You Up').